Brain organoids as a model of hydrocephalus

Dr. Andrew Hale uses stem-cell brain organoids to study pediatric neurosurgery, now continuing his work in Cape Town.
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Dr. Andrew Hale
Published
September 24, 2025
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Dr. Andrew Hale uses stem-cell brain organoids to study pediatric neurosurgery, now continuing his work in Cape Town.

Dr. Andrew Hale, a neurosurgery resident and scientist, introduces his work with a strong focus on pediatric neurosurgery. His goal is to combine technical surgical expertise, compassionate care, and scientific discovery to improve outcomes for children and families.

He uses induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to create brain organoids (3D brain-like tissues) that model the architecture of the developing human brain. These organoids help him study diseases like hydrocephalus, which is both common and challenging in pediatric neurosurgery.

Dr. Hale highlights that Africa’s extraordinary genetic diversity (with over 2,000 ethno-linguistic groups) provides a unique opportunity for research, since it represents the world’s oldest and most varied population group. He is now continuing his research in Cape Town, building on work he started in the U.S.

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John Doe
Writer, Mission Brain
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Editor, Mission Brain
David Johnson
Researcher, Mission Brain

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